A wave that propagates from a single point in a three-dimensional isotropic medium as an isotropic source. The wavefront of this wave is spherical, so it is called a spherical wave. If the wave source moves infinitely farther away, the sphere approaches a plane and it becomes a plane wave. The state of a spherical wave at any point can be expressed as a function only of the distance from the wave source. Therefore, mathematically, it is convenient to express it using three-dimensional polar coordinates. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
三次元の等方媒質中の1点が等方波源となって伝わる波。この波の波面は球面になっているので,球面波と呼ぶ。波源が無限に遠ざかると,球面は平面に近づき,平面波となる。球面波の任意の点の状態は波源からの距離だけの関数で表わされる。したがって,数学的には三次元の極座標を用いて表わすのが便利である。
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