Gyuhi - Gyuhi

A type of mochi sweet. It is also called gyuhi sugar or gyuhi candy, and can also be written as gyūhide. Shiratamako (rice flour) is steamed, white sugar and starch syrup are added, and the mixture is kneaded until it becomes translucent while heating. In addition to red and white, there are sesame gyuhi made with black and white sesame seeds, grass gyuhi made with chopped mugwort leaves, kneaded zansho made with pepper juice, and wasabi gyuhi. It is characterized by its suppleness and elasticity, fine texture, and lack of hardness. It has a long-lasting texture like pounded mochi, so it has been used in various high-grade sweets. Gyuhi was used in Kyoto during the Muromachi period. It was called gyuhi (cowhide) because brown sugar was used for sweetening, and it had the color of cowhide, but the character was abhorred and the character was changed to gyuhi. The original name of Korean candy was Choseiame, and it is said that Kato Kiyomasa used it as military rations when he invaded Korea. Gyuhi was first made in Edo during the Kan'ei era (1624-1644), when the method was introduced by Kyoto confectioner Nakajima Jōun. Today's famous gyuhi sweets include Tamadare from Eitaro in Tokyo, Chitose from Kanazawa, Habutae mochi from Fukui, Sekinoto from Kameyama, Mie prefecture, Yumochi and Kinuta from Kyoto, Kibi dango from Okayama, Shibutsumi from Yamaguchi, Genpei mochi from Takamatsu, and Tsukeire mochi from Miyazaki.

[Fumio Sawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

餅(もち)菓子の一種。求肥糖、求肥飴(あめ)ともいい、牛皮とも書く。白玉粉を蒸して白砂糖、水飴を加え、加熱しながら半透明になるまで練り上げる。紅白のほか黒ごま、白ごまを入れた胡麻(ごま)求肥、ヨモギの葉を刻み込んだ草求肥、サンショウの汁を加えた練りざんしょう、わさび求肥などがある。しなやかで弾力があり、きめ細かく固くならないのが特徴である。搗(つ)き上げた餅のような舌ざわりが持続するので、種々の上菓子にも利用されてきた。求肥は室町時代には京都で用いられていた。甘味に黒糖を用いたので牛の皮の色合いとなり、牛皮とよばれたが、その文字を忌み、求肥の文字に変えられた。朝鮮飴の本来の名は長生飴で、加藤清正は朝鮮出兵の際これを軍糧にあてたという。江戸で求肥がつくられたのは寛永(かんえい)年間（1624～44）で、京の菓子司中島浄雲が製法を伝えた。今日の名物求肥菓子には、東京栄太楼(えいたろう)の玉だれ、金沢市の千歳(ちとせ)、福井市の羽二重(はぶたえ)餅、三重県亀山市の関乃戸、京都市の柚餅(ゆうもち)、きぬた、岡山市の吉備団子(きびだんご)、山口市の舌鼓、高松市の源平餅、宮崎市のつきいれ餅などがある。

［沢　史生］

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