A general term for laws that prohibited or restricted the import of cotton cloth from India into Britain. From the end of the 17th century onwards, the East India Company's import of Indian cotton cloth (calico) increased dramatically, which became a political issue known as the "calico controversy" from the perspective that it would deal a blow to the traditional core industry of woolen textiles. In 1700, the import of dyed cotton cloth was banned, and in 1720 an act further banned the import of all cotton cloth except that intended for re-export. Rather than protecting the woolen textile industry, these laws contributed to the Industrial Revolution developing around the cotton textile industry. These prohibitions were repealed in 1774. Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
英国にインド産の綿布が輸入されることを禁止したり,制限したりする法律の総称。17世紀末以降,東インド会社によってインド産の綿布(キャラコ)の輸入が激増したため,伝統的な基幹産業である毛織物工業に打撃を与えるという見地から,〈キャラコ論争〉として政治問題化した。1700年捺染ずみの綿布の輸入が禁止され,さらに1720年の法によって再輸出にむけるもの以外のすべての綿布の輸入が禁止された。これらの法によって毛織物産業が保護されたというよりは,むしろ産業革命が綿織物工業を中心に展開していく原因をつくった。1774年にこれらの禁止法は廃止された。
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