Narcissus flycatcher - Narcissus flycatcher

A bird of the family Muscicapidae and subfamily Muscicapinae in the order Passeriformes. It breeds in Sakhalin, Japan and around Taiyuan in China, and migrates to the Philippines, the Indochina Peninsula and Borneo to spend the winter. In Japan, it is distributed from the Ryukyu Islands to Hokkaido and the southern Kuril Islands, and lives in forests with many broadleaf trees with high canopies. It builds nests in cracks in rotten wood and lays 4 to 6 eggs. It follows a Muscicap feeding method of chasing and catching flying insects from a perch, but its feeding space is under the tree canopy. It also often catches insects in trees and on the ground. It is about 13 cm long and has a different sex. The male has a black head, back, wings and tail, an orange-yellow color on the lower back, chin and chest, and a white belly and lower tail cover. It also has a clear orange-yellow eyebrow. The female is olive brown above and dirty white below. The male's song is beautiful and continues to change pitch. A closely related species, the Yellow-browed Flycatcher F. zanthopygia , which breeds in northeastern China, has white eyebrows.

[Nobuo Takeshita]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

鳥綱スズメ目ヒタキ科ヒタキ亜科の鳥。樺太(からふと)（サハリン）、日本および中国の太原(たいげん)付近で繁殖し、フィリピン、インドシナ半島、ボルネオ島に渡って越冬する。日本では、南西諸島から北海道、南千島まで分布し、高い樹冠のある広葉樹の多い林にすみ、朽ち木の割れ目などに巣をつくり、4～6個の卵を産む。止まり場から、飛んでいる昆虫を追いかけてとらえるヒタキ型の捕食法をとるが、その採食空間は樹冠の下である。また、樹上や地上の昆虫をとらえることも多い。全長約13センチメートル、雌雄異色である。雄は頭部と背面、翼、尾が黒く、腰、あごから胸までが橙黄(とうこう)色、腹と下尾筒は白い。また、橙黄色のくっきりとした眉(まゆ)がある。雌は上面オリーブ褐色、下面は汚白色。雄のさえずりは美しく、さまざまに調子を変えて歌い続けていく。中国東北部で繁殖する近似種マミジロキビタキF. zanthopygiaは、眉が白い。

［竹下信雄］

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