This is a collection of animal tales written in Old French from the late 12th century to the 13th century. It can be broadly divided into two parts: the short stories about the cunning fox Renart, who tricks and is tricked by foolish peasants, fishmongers, crows, chickens, and tits, which are written to make the reader laugh and also to teach a certain lesson, and the battle between the fox and the wolf, in which the fox thoroughly tortures and insults a strong but ignorant wolf named Isingrain. The wolf, who lost the battle, appeals to Noble, the lion king. The trial of the fox is particularly famous. However, the fox tricks Renart into escaping, claiming that he is going on a pilgrimage to a holy place to atone for his past sins, and then goes on a rampage again. The trial of the fox is famous for imitating real trials in feudal society, and the spirit of social satire runs through the whole work. Although one or two of the authors' names are known, many are unknown, and it is believed that there were over 20 of them. It is said that the original story was a tale called "Ysengrimus" written in Latin by a priest in what is now Belgium in the 10th century, to which new stories were added one after another, taking material from Aesop's Fables and other medieval moral tales, until it expanded into the enormous work we know today, with 27 chapters and several dozen parts. [Teruo Sato] "The Fox Story" translated by Kenzo Mizutani (1948, Yamato Shobo) Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
12世紀後半から13世紀にかけて、古代フランス語で書かれた動物説話集。悪知恵にたけた狐ルナールRenartが、愚かな百姓や魚屋や、カラスやニワトリやヤマガラを相手に、だましたりだまされたりする話をまとめて、読者を笑わせると同時に、ある種の教訓をも与えようとして書かれた小話の部分と、力はあるが知恵の足りないイザングランという名の狼(おおかみ)を相手にして、さんざんに狐がそれを苦しめ侮辱する狐対狼の戦いの部分との、二つの群に大別することができる。この戦いに負けた狼は獅子(しし)王ノーブルのところに訴えていく。この狐の裁判の部分がとりわけ有名である。しかし狐はペテンを使って、前非を悔いその罪滅ぼしのために聖地に巡礼に行くからといい、まんまと逃げ出し、ふたたび悪さをする。この狐の裁判の部分は、封建社会の現実の裁判を模したものとして有名であり、全体に社会風刺の精神が貫かれている。 作者の名は一、二知られているが、無名が多く、その数も20余人あったと思われる。10世紀のころ今日のベルギーで、聖職者によってラテン語で書かれた『イセングリムス』Ysengrimusという説話が原型となって、それにイソップ物語とか、中世の教訓説話から材料をとって次から次へと新しい話が加えられて、今日あるような27章数十編の膨大なものに膨らんでいったといわれる。 [佐藤輝夫] 『水谷謙三訳『狐物語』(1948・大和書房)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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