A system that excludes some of the taxable items in order to reduce the burden on direct tax payers. It is important in income tax, inheritance tax, etc. (Income Tax Act, Local Tax Act, Inheritance Tax Act, etc.), and examples can be found in the tax laws of various countries. In Japan's Income Tax Act, it is one of the income deductions, and is a uniform, unconditional deduction for taxpayers who are domestic residents, and as of 2003, it was 380,000 yen. It is based on the idea that taxes cannot be levied from the taxpayer's minimum living expenses (→ minimum taxable amount). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
直接税の納税者の負担を軽減するため,課税物件の一部を除外する制度。所得税,相続税などにおいて重要であって (所得税法,地方税法,相続税法など) ,各国の税法にその例をみる。日本の所得税法においては所得控除の一つであって,内国居住者たる納税者につき一律無条件に控除されるものであり,2003年時点で,38万円である。納税義務者の最低生活費からは徴税できないとする考え方に立っている (→課税最低限 ) 。
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