Katsumaro Akamatsu

Social activist. Born in Yamaguchi Prefecture on December 4, 1894. His grandfather was Renjo Akamatsu. His younger sister, Tsuneko, was a labor activist. While studying law at Tokyo Imperial University, he became a student of Sakuzo Yoshino, and later became his son-in-law. In 1918 (Taisho 7), he founded the Shinjinkai. After graduating from university, he worked as a reporter for the Toyo Keizai Shimpo newspaper, before becoming a leader of the Japanese Labor Federation and promoting its left-wing shift. In 1922, he participated in the founding of the Japanese Communist Party, but after the First Communist Party Incident in 1923, he enthusiastically called for the party's dissolution, and, contrary to his previous actions, promoted the "realism" of the Federation, and became a central leader of the right wing during the first split. In 1926 (Taisho 15), he participated in the formation of the Social Democratic Party, and later became its Secretary-General, but from the late 1920s he became associated with a section of the military, and in 1932 (Showa 7), he left the Social Democratic Party to form the Japanese National Socialist Party. However, he was not content with national socialism and advocated Japanese nationalism, founding the National Association in 1933. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1937 and organized the Japan Innovation Party, becoming its Secretary-General. However, the party was dissolved ahead of other parties during the New System Movement, and Akamatsu became Director of Planning for the Imperial Rule Assistance Association. After Japan's defeat in the war, he was banned from holding public office, and died on December 13, 1955, after the ban was lifted.

[Shiro Akazawa]

"Joint Research: Conversion, Vol. 1," edited by the Society for the Study of Science of Thought (Heibonsha, 1959)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

社会運動家。明治27年12月4日山口県に生まれる。赤松連城は祖父。妹、常子は労働運動家。東京帝国大学法学部在学中、吉野作造の門下となり、のちその女婿となる。1918年（大正7）新人会を創立。大学卒業後、東洋経済新報記者などを経て日本労働総同盟の指導者となり、その左翼化を推進した。1922年日本共産党創立に参加するが、翌1923年の第一次共産党事件以降、熱心に解党を唱え、以前と逆に総同盟の「現実主義」化を推進、その第一次分裂にあたっては右派の中心的指導者となった。1926年（大正15）社会民衆党結成に参加、のち同党の書記長ともなるが、1920年代末より軍の一部と結び付きをもち、1932年（昭和7）社会民衆党を脱党して日本国家社会党を結成した。しかし国家社会主義の立場にも安住せず、日本主義を唱え、1933年国民協会を設立。1937年衆議院議員に当選、日本革新党を組織して党務長となるが、同党は新体制運動に際し他党に先んじて解党、赤松は大政翼賛会の企画部長に就任した。敗戦後は公職追放となり、追放解除後昭和30年12月13日死亡した。

［赤澤史朗］

『思想の科学研究会編『共同研究　転向　上』（1959・平凡社）』

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