…However, just as necessity is ambiguous, chance also has a variety of meanings. (1) In medieval scholastic philosophy, God was called "necessary being" and creatures were called "contingent beings." This is because God's essence as "the most perfect being" cannot have any lack and therefore cannot "not exist," that is, it must necessarily exist, whereas creatures can not exist and their existence depends on God's will, that is, on other beings. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "contingent beings" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…しかし,必然が多義的であるのに応じて,偶然も多様な意味をもつ。 (1)中世のスコラ哲学では神を〈必然的存在者〉とよび,被造物を〈偶然的存在者〉とよんだ。それは,〈もっとも完全なる者〉という神の本質にはいかなる欠如もありえず,したがって〈存在しない〉ということもありえない,つまり必然的に存在せざるをえないのに対して,被造物は存在しないことも可能であり,その存在が神の意志,つまり他の存在者に依存しているからである。… ※「偶然的存在者」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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