solium

Japanese: solium
solium

…The Romans inherited the Greek chair as it was, but during the Imperial period, luxurious sculptural decorations were added, and chairs once again showed a tendency to show authority. Representative chairs of the Roman period include the solium, a throne made of marble or bronze, the sella curulis, a folding chair with X-shaped legs used by consuls and senators for office work, and the cathedra for women modeled after the Greek klismos. With the migration of peoples and social changes in the early Middle Ages, the ancient chair tradition was lost, and instead the chest for storing clothes and valuables became the prototype of the medieval chair. …

From [Throne]

…During the Republican period, the throne was simplified and used for ceremonial purposes by noble guests, sophists, or householders. The Romans continued this style and created a throne called the solium, which was made of wood, marble, or bronze and had lavish carvings. During the Imperial period, an X-shaped folding chair called the sella imperatoria was used by the emperor for office work. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "solium" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…ローマ人はギリシアのいすをそのまま継承したが,帝政期になると,豪華な彫刻装飾が加えられ,いすが再び権威を示す傾向を示した。大理石やブロンズで作られた玉座ソリウムsolium,執政官や元老院議員が執務用に使用したX脚・折りたたみ式のセラ・クルリスsella curulis,ギリシアのクリスモスを模した婦人用のカテドラcathedraなどが,ローマ時代の代表的ないすである。中世初期の民族移動と社会変革とによって,古代のいすの伝統は失われ,代わって衣類や貴重品を収納するチェスト(櫃(ひつ))が中世のいすの原型となる。…

【玉座】より

…共和政時代には,この玉座は形式が単純化し,高貴な客人やソフィストまたは家主が儀礼用にも使用した。ローマ人はこの形式を継承し,木材のほかに大理石やブロンズを素材として豪華な彫刻の飾りをつけたソリウムsoliumとよぶ玉座を作った。また帝政期にはセラ・インペラトリアsella imperatoriaとよぶX字形の折りたたみ式の椅子が皇帝の執務用の椅子として登場した。…

※「solium」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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