Hot spring - Onsen

Japanese: 温泉 - おんせん
Hot spring - Onsen
Groundwater with a temperature of 25°C or higher or containing a certain amount of dissolved components (a total of 1g/kg or more, or a certain component specified by the Hot Springs Law). It may be classified as cold mineral springs (less than 25°C), low springs (25-34°C), hot springs (34-42°C), or high springs (42°C or higher). In addition, based on chemical composition, springs were classified into 11 categories: simple springs, simple carbonated springs, bicarbonate earth springs, bicarbonate springs, salt springs, sulfate springs, iron springs, alum springs, sulfur springs, acidic springs, and radioactive springs. In 1978, the Mineral Springs Analysis Law was revised to broadly classify them into saline springs, simple springs, and springs containing special components. Natural hot springs are often found in volcanic areas, and their heat source is the continuously cooling magma. However, most of the hot spring water is circulating water that has seeped in from the ground surface, and less than a few percent is virgin water derived from magma. Most of the dissolved components are extracted from the rocks along the way into the circulating water, and some are thought to be derived from magma. In recent years, many hot springs have been developed deep underground in plains, but these are hot springs caused by non-volcanic rises in ground temperature. → Mineral springs → Related topic Cold springs

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
水温25℃以上または一定量以上の溶存成分(総量で1g/kg以上,または温泉法で定める特定の成分が所定量以上)を含む地下水。冷鉱泉(25℃未満),低温泉(25〜34℃),温泉(34〜42℃),高温泉(42℃以上)に分類する場合もある。また化学組成によって単純泉,単純炭酸泉,重炭酸土類泉,重ソウ泉,食塩泉,硫酸塩泉,鉄泉,ミョウバン泉,硫黄泉,酸性泉,放射能泉の11項目に区分されていたが,1978年の鉱泉分析法改定で塩類泉,単純温泉,特殊成分を含む温泉に大別された。自然湧出の温泉は火山地帯に多く,その熱源は冷却し続けているマグマにある。しかし温泉水の大部分は地表から浸透していった循環水で,数%以下がマグマに由来する処女水である。溶存成分の多くは循環水中に途中の岩石中の可溶性成分が抽出されたものであり,一部がマグマ由来と考えられている。近年,平野の地下深部などで多数の温泉が開発されているが,これらは非火山性の地温上昇による温泉である。→鉱泉
→関連項目冷泉

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