Air conditioning equipment - heating, ventilating and air-conditioning system

Japanese: 空気調和設備 - くうきちょうわせつび（英語表記）heating， ventilating and air-conditioning system

This refers to equipment that keeps environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, airflow, radiant heat, suspended dust, bacteria, odors, and toxic gases in a good condition for people or objects in a room, and has functions such as cooling, heating, and ventilation. It is generally abbreviated as air conditioning equipment. Air conditioning equipment is broadly divided into central and individual types according to the type. In the case of commercial buildings, the central type is a system in which steam, hot water, and cold water generated by heat source equipment (boilers, freezers, etc.) installed in a machine room in the basement or elsewhere are supplied through piping to air conditioners (air conditioners) installed on each floor, and the cold and hot air generated there is used for heating and cooling. There is also a system in which the air conditioner is installed near the machine room and cold and hot air is supplied through ducts. Air conditioners are generally composed of a cooling coil that cools and dehumidifies the air, a heating coil that heats it, an air filter that purifies the air, and a humidifier that humidifies it. In the case of central types, cold and hot water are often generated using an absorption type cold and hot water generator that uses gas as a heat source or an electric heat pump. The individual system is a system in which a unit containing an electric heat pump compressor and heating and cooling coils is installed indoors or in the ceiling to supply cold and hot air. Because of various features such as improved quality due to factory production, ease of installation, and the ability to operate individually, it has been widely adopted in small and medium-sized buildings in recent years, excluding large buildings.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

温度，湿度，気流，輻射熱，浮遊粉塵，細菌，臭気，有毒ガスなどの環境要因を，室内の人間あるいは物品に対して良好な状態に保つための設備をいい，冷房，暖房，換気などの機能を有する。一般に空調設備と略称する。空調設備は方式別に中央方式と個別方式に大別される。中央方式は，業務用建物の場合，地下などの機械室に設置される熱源機器 (ボイラ，冷凍機など) で作成された蒸気，温水，冷水などを，配管を通して各階に設置されている空気調和機 (空調機) へ供給し，そこで作成された冷風，温風によって冷暖房する方式である。空調機を機械室の近くに設置し，ダクトにより冷風，温風を供給する方式もある。空調機は空気を冷却減湿する冷却コイル，加熱する加熱コイル，空気を浄化するエアフィルタ，加湿をする加湿器から構成されるのが一般的である。中央方式の場合，ガスを熱源とする吸収式冷温水発生機や電動式のヒートポンプを用いて冷水，温水を作成することが多い。個別方式は，電動式のヒートポンプの圧縮機と加熱，冷却コイルとを内蔵したユニットを室内あるいは天井内などに設置し，冷風，温風を供給する方式である。工場生産化に伴って品質が向上したこと，設置が容易なこと，個別運転が可能なことなど，さまざまな特徴を有しているために，近年大規模ビルを除いて中小規模のビルに多く採用されている。

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