...This law created a list of equal laborers in which each farmer was ranked in order of household (determined by the amount of human assets), and based on that, it assigned miscellaneous labor to each farmer according to his or her ability to bear it. The assignment was also on a rotation basis once every 10 years (later shortened to once every 5 years or once every 3 years). However, around 1500, labor began to be paid in silver, and this was called ginzai, while labor that was provided as before was called ryokuzai. After that, as the circulation of silver expanded, most ryokuza were paid in silver, and eventually they were included in the Ichijobinho, and only this item remained. ... *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "silver difference" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この法は,各農民を戸等(人丁資産の多少によって定められた)の順に配列した均徭冊を作り,それに基づいて農民の負担能力に応じた雑役を割り当て,またその割当ても10年に1回の当番制とされた(のちには5年に1回,3年に1回と短縮された)。ところが1500年ころから徭役の銀納化が始まり,これを銀差とよび,従来通り労役を提供するものは力差とよばれた。以後銀流通の拡大にともない力差のほとんどは銀納化され,やがて一条鞭法の中に包含され,その項目のみをとどめることとなった。… ※「銀差」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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