Empty word; form word

Japanese: 虚辞 - きょじ（英語表記）empty word; form word

When words are classified according to their grammatical and semantic features, these are words that have an overwhelming majority of grammatical and formal meanings. They are also called function words. They often refer to particles, auxiliary verbs, prepositions, conjunctions, etc. that are attached to real words to express grammatical relationships, but there are differing opinions on where to draw the line. They are also called "expletives," "explosive words," and "explosive words." Although this is primarily a term in Chinese grammar, there is also a classification that divides nouns into real words, particles into particles, and verbs and adjectives into expletives. In addition, the use of words that is quite rhetorical and has almost no positive meaning, such as French "ne" and English "it" and "there," is sometimes called "expletive."

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

単語を文法的特徴と語義的特徴とで分類した際，文法的・形式的意味を圧倒的に多くもつ単語。機能語 function wordともいう。実辞に添えられて文法的関係を表わす助詞，助動詞，前置詞，接続詞などをさすことが多いが，境界線をどこに引くかについては説が分れる。「虚字」「虚詞」「虚語」ともいう。おもに漢文法の術語であるが，名詞類を実辞，助詞類を助辞，動詞・形容詞を虚辞として3大別する分類もある。また，フランス語の neや英語の it，thereなどにみられる，かなり修辞的でほとんど積極的な意味をもたない用法を虚辞的 expletiveということもある。

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