Kyoto School

Japanese: 京都学派 - きょうとがくは

A general term for a group of philosophers from the Kyoto University Department of Philosophy who inherited the tradition of philosophical inquiry of Kitaro Nishida and Hajime Tanabe. Since Tanabe was invited to Kyoto University by Nishida in 1919, both of them created their own philosophies, and Nishida's philosophy as the "logic of individual existence" and Tanabe's philosophy as the "logic of social existence" came into decisive conflict, but through their sincere mutual criticism, a lively and unique academic style was formed in the Kyoto University Department of Philosophy, and many philosophers, including Kiyoshi Miki and Jun Tosaka, gathered there. Miki and Tosaka eventually leaned towards Marxism and left the center of the school, but then a group of Masaaki Kosaka, Keiji Nishitani, Iwao Takayama, and Shigetaka Suzuki appeared, and during World War II, they proposed a "philosophy of world history" as a theory of a new world order, rationalized the war, and made the school's flag clear. Usually, the group of Kosaka, Nishitani, Takayama, Suzuki, and others is referred to as the Kyoto School in the narrow sense.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

西田幾多郎および田辺元の哲学探究の伝統を引継いだ京都大学哲学科出身の哲学者たちのグループの総称。 1919年田辺が西田によって京大に招聘されて以来両者はともに自己の哲学を創造し，「個体存在の論理」としての西田哲学に対し「社会存在の論理」としての田辺哲学は決定的に対立するようになるが，その真摯な相互批判を通して京大哲学科には活気に満ちた独自な学風が形成され三木清，戸坂潤らをはじめとする多くの哲学徒が参集した。三木，戸坂らはやがてマルクス主義に傾斜しこの学派の中心から離れるが，次いで高坂正顕，西谷啓治，高山岩男，鈴木成高らのグループが現れ，第2次世界大戦期において世界新秩序論としての「世界史の哲学」を提唱し同戦争の合理化を行いこの学派の旗幟を鮮明にした。普通この高坂，西谷，高山，鈴木らのグループをさして狭義に京都学派と呼ぶことが多い。

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