Business Diagnosis - Kigyoshindan

Japanese: 企業診断 - きぎょうしんだん
Business Diagnosis - Kigyoshindan

A company's business or technology experts investigate and examine the company's actual situation and make recommendations on matters necessary for business improvement. While business diagnoses can be conducted for any company, in practice, they are often aimed at small and medium-sized enterprises that have many problems but few experts.

In Japan, business diagnostics did not become widespread in earnest until after the Second World War. The Small and Medium Enterprise Agency was established in 1948 (Showa 23), and a series of diagnostics, including factory diagnostics, store diagnostics, shopping district diagnostics, production area diagnostics, and chain diagnostics, were successively implemented for small and medium-sized enterprises. These diagnostics are carried out at the request of small and medium-sized enterprises by specialized small and medium-sized enterprise consultants attached to prefectural or city commerce and industry guidance offices who diagnose business management, technology, labor, administration, etc., and recommend areas for improvement. There is no charge for such public business diagnostics. Some public loans require business diagnostics. In addition, business diagnostics by private organizations or individuals are also common.

Professionals who provide corporate diagnostics are called business managers, management consultants, management consultants, or simply consultants. There is the official qualification of Small and Medium Enterprise Management Consultant, but there are also other qualifications certified by trade organizations such as the Japan Association of Management Consultants and the Japan Association of Business Administrators. Small and Medium Enterprise Management Consultants must register as required and be certified every two years. In recent years, there has been a growing trend towards specialization and subdivision into areas such as human resources, sales, administration, production, technology, information processing, organization, finance, accounting, and top management.

[Mitsuo Morimoto]

[Reference] | Management Consultant

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

経営や技術の専門家が企業の実態について調査、検討し、経営改善のために必要な事項を勧告すること。すべての企業について企業診断がありうるが、実際には、問題が多いわりに専門家の少ない中小企業を対象にするものをさすことが多い。

 日本では、企業診断が本格的に普及したのは、第二次世界大戦後のことである。1948年(昭和23)に中小企業庁が設置され、中小企業を対象に、工場診断、商店診断、商店街診断、産地診断、系列診断などが逐次実施されるようになった。これらの診断は、中小企業の申し出により、県、市などの商工指導所などに所属する専門の中小企業診断員が、経営管理、技術、労務、事務などについて診断し、改善点を勧告する。このような公共的企業診断では、診断費用は無料である。公共的融資のなかには、企業診断を義務づけているものもある。これ以外に、私的な団体または個人による企業診断も盛んである。

 企業診断にあたる専門家を、経営士、マネジメント・コンサルタント、経営コンサルタント、または単にコンサルタントなどという。公的資格として中小企業診断士があるが、これ以外に日本経営士会、日本経営管理士会などの同業団体による認定資格もある。中小企業診断士は、所定の登録を行い、2年ごとに認定を受けなければならない。近年、専門化が進み、人事労務、販売、事務、生産、技術、情報処理、組織、財務、会計、最高経営などに細分化する傾向が強まっている。

[森本三男]

[参照項目] | 経営コンサルタント

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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