Compulsory hospitalization - compulsory hospitalization

…
[Basic structure]
As stated in Article 1, this law aims to provide medical care and protection for the mentally disabled and to promote welfare (promotion of social rehabilitation, independence and participation in society). With regard to medical care and protection, (1) in order to avoid the negative effects of hospitalization-centered treatment, a system is established in which 95% of the cost of outpatient medical care is covered by public funds (Article 32, Paragraph 1), (2) the hospitalization system is based on the principle of voluntary hospitalization by the individual (Article 22, Paragraph 3), (3) prefectures are obligated to establish psychiatric hospitals (Article 19, Paragraph 7) and a part of the establishment and operating costs is subsidized (Article 19, Paragraph 10), (4) while allowing compulsory hospitalization based on public authority, prefectures are to establish mental health review boards in order to protect human rights in such cases and to ensure the appropriateness of compulsory hospitalization. In the area of ​​welfare, (5) prefectures and municipalities are required to establish social welfare facilities (Article 9), and the national government can subsidize the establishment and operating costs (Articles 51 and 52). …

*Some of the terminology used to refer to "involuntary hospitalization" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…
［基本構造］
　本法は1条に示されるように，精神障害者等の医療･保護と，福祉の増進(社会復帰の促進，自立と社会参加)を目的とする。医療保護に関しては，(1)入院中心の治療の弊害を避けるため，通院医療の費用の100分の95を公費負担する制度を設け(32条1項)，(2)入院制度では本人の意思による任意入院(22条の3)を原則とし，(3)精神病院の設置を都道府県に義務づけ(19条の7)，その設置および運用経費の一部を補助し(19条の10)，(4)公権力に基づく強制入院を認めつつ，その際の人権保護のため，都道府県に精神医療審査会を設け，強制入院の適正化を図っている。福祉の領域では，(5)都道府県，市町村に社会福祉施設の設置を求め(9条)，国は設置運営費用についての補助ができる(51条，52条)。…

※「強制入院」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報