Removal, employment ban and reinstatement of teaching staff - Removal, employment ban and reinstatement of teaching staff

On November 2nd, the Ministry of Education announced the reinstatement of liberal professors and the dismissal of militarists, and on the 4th of the same month, a provisional professors' council at the Faculty of Economics of the Tokyo Imperial University decided to reinstate seven professors, including Professors Ouchi Hyoe and Yanaihara Tadao, and to retire five others, including Hashizume Akio and Nambata Haruo. After this, voluntary retirements and designated retirements by GHQ began at various universities and high schools (old system), but the Japanese government's purge of teaching staff did not begin until the Imperial decree of May 7th, 1946, which came after the Public Offices Purge Edict, "Matters on the Removal, Employment Prohibition and Reinstatement of Teaching Staff (Teaching Staff Purge Edict)." This prohibited career military personnel, those who had worked for the Ministry of Education's Ideology Bureau or Teaching Bureau for more than two years (between July 7, 1937 and September 2, 1945), and those who had been expelled from public office from employment, and made it mandatory for all other teachers to be examined by prefectural teacher aptitude examination committees (as well as school group teachers, university teachers, and educational personnel aptitude examination committees), and also established the Central Teacher Qualification Examination Committee as an appeals body for those who were dissatisfied with the results.

*Some of the terminology used in relation to "Removal of teaching staff, employment ban, and reinstatement" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…文部省は11月2日，自由主義教授の復職と軍国主義者等の解職を通達，同月4日，東京帝大経済学部臨時教授会は大内兵衛，矢内原忠雄教授ら7名の復職と橋爪明男，難波田春夫ら5名の退職を決定した。以後各大学･高校(旧制)等で自発的退職，GHQによる指名退職等がはじまったが，日本政府による教職追放は，公職追放令後の46年5月7日の勅令〈教職員の除去，就職禁止及復職等の件(教職追放令)〉以降である。これにより，職業軍人や文部省思想局，同教学局等の2年以上の在勤者(1937年7月7日～45年9月2日の間)，公職追放者等の就職を禁止し，他の教員全員に対しては都道府県教員適格審査委員会等(他に学校集団教員，大学教員，教育職員適格審査委)による審査を義務づけ，判定を不服とするものの上告機関として中央教職員適格審査委員会も設置した。…

※「教職員の除去，就職禁止及復職等の件」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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