Tsuchisugari - Tsuchisugari

Japanese: ツチスガリ - つちすがり
Tsuchisugari - Tsuchisugari

It can refer to a species of the Hymenoptera family of Insecta, or to a bee of the same genus. This genus is the largest in the family, with over 850 recorded species worldwide, but only 14 species have been recorded in Japan. Japanese bees of the same genus are about 10 mm long, black with yellow spots unique to the species, and have a hard body with coarse punctation on the surface. Each abdominal intersegment is strongly constricted. They build their nests in flat, hard, clay-mixed bare ground, such as the grounds of shrines and temples, sports fields, and mountain paths, by digging a deep main pit, then setting up individual cells branching out from it. They store prey in each cell and lay one egg on the ventral surface of each bee's body. They hunt for beetles and hymenoptera, which have very hard cuticles. In Japan, C. japonica and C. arenaria yanoi hunt small bees and sweat bees, C. arenaria yanoi and C. sobo hunt weevils, and C. albofasciata and C. carinalis hunt leaf beetles.

[Hirohisa Suda]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

昆虫綱膜翅(まくし)目アナバチ科の1種、または同属のハチをさすこともある。この属はアナバチ科ではもっとも大きい属で、世界で850余種記録されているが、日本では14種しか記録されていない。日本産の同属のハチは体長10ミリメートル内外、黒色で種に特有の黄色斑(はん)がある。体は硬く、体表には粗大点刻がある。腹部各節間は強くくびれている。巣は神社や仏閣の境内とか運動場、山道などのつねに硬くて粘土を交えた平坦(へいたん)な裸地に深い主坑を掘り、それから枝分れした独房を設ける。各房に獲物を蓄えて、その一頭の体腹面に一卵を産む。獲物は外皮の非常に硬い甲虫目と膜翅目を狩る。日本ではツチスガリとマルモンツチスガリC. japonicaがヒメハナバチとコハナバチ類、キスジツチスガリC. arenaria yanoiとソボツチスガリC. soboがゾウムシ類、アカアシツチスガリC. albofasciataとヒメツチスガリC. carinalisがハムシ類を狩る。

[須田博久]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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