Born September 27, 1840 at West Point, New York. [Died] December 1, 1914, Quag, New York. American naval officer and strategist. After studying at Columbia University and the Naval Academy, he began his naval career as an ensign candidate, and in 1885 was promoted to captain and became an instructor in military history and strategy at the Naval War College. He served twice as president of the Naval War College before retiring as a captain in November 1896 after 40 years in the military. He was recalled again two years after his retirement, and served in various positions, including as a member of the naval staff and as a representative at the Hague Peace Conference. He became president of the American Historical Association in 1902 and a rear admiral in 1906. His major works, The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660-1783 (1890), The Influence of Sea Power Upon the French Revolution and Empire, 1793-1812 (92), and The Life of Nelson (97), all shed light on the historical role and dominant influence of naval power, and had a strong influence not only on naval science but also on modern international politics. In practice, he advocated the Great Navy and the constant strengthening of the U.S. Navy, providing a theoretical justification for the U.S. expansionist policy until around World War I. Even in the present age of aerospace, the basic principles of naval strategy in Mahan's strategic thought are considered to be the core of military science in the U.S. Navy. The military scientist thought of the Imperial Japanese Navy was also most strongly influenced by Mahan, and Akiyama Saneyuki, chief of staff of the Combined Fleet during the Russo-Japanese War, studied under Mahan while studying in the United States and was influenced by him. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1840.9.27. ニューヨーク,ウェストポイント [没]1914.12.1. ニューヨーク,クワグ アメリカの海軍軍人,戦略家。コロンビア大学および海軍兵学校で学んだのち,少尉候補生から海軍勤務を開始,1885年大佐に進級するとともに,海軍大学校で戦史と戦略を教える教官となった。 96年 11月に在役 40年をもって大佐で退役するまでに,2度海軍大学校校長に就任。退役2年後に再び召還され,海軍参謀部,ハーグ平和会議の代表などを歴任し,1902年アメリカ史学協会会長,06年海軍少将となった。主著『海上権力史論 (1660年から 1783年の歴史に及ぼした海軍力の影響) 』 The Influence of Sea Power Upon History,1660-1783 (1890) ,『1793~1812年のフランス革命および同帝国に及ぼした海軍力の影響』 The Influence of Sea Power Upon the French Revolution and Empire,1793-1812 (92) ,『ネルソン伝』 The Life of Nelson (97) などはいずれも海軍力の歴史的役割と支配的影響力を明らかにしたもので,海軍兵学だけでなく近代の国際政治のうえにも強い影響を及ぼした。実践的には大海軍主義を唱え,アメリカ海軍の不断の強化を主張,第1次世界大戦前後までアメリカの膨張政策の理論的根拠を与えた。また現在の航空宇宙時代においても,マハンの戦略思想における海軍戦略の基礎的原則は,アメリカ海軍の兵学思想の中核をなすものとして重視されている。旧日本海軍の兵学思想もまたマハンの影響を最も強く受け,日露戦争における連合艦隊の作戦参謀秋山真之はアメリカ留学中マハンに学びその影響を受けた。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
Year of death: 28th August 1684 (7th October 1684)...
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