Basic high water

Japanese: 基本高水 - きほんこうすい
Basic high water


[Flood management]
Even if a flood does occur, if a flood management plan is perfect and implemented thoroughly, and is well maintained, the levees will not break and flood damage will not occur. In flood management plans, the flood that is the subject of the plan -- known as the basic flood level -- is assumed, and a basic construction implementation plan is established to allow floods of that magnitude to flow safely through the river channel. The basic flood level is a major flood that occurs probabilistically once every 150 or 200 years in important rivers.

From [Flood Control]

...flood patterns are shown by a diagram called a hydrograph, which shows the relationship between time and flood water level or flood discharge. A design hydrograph is determined from the group of hydrographs obtained by the analytical calculations described above, and the basic flood (basic high water) is determined for the flood control plan based on this design hydrograph, taking into consideration the results of various studies. As a river flows from upstream to downstream, tributaries flow into the river, branches off into the river, and flood waters are exchanged between the river and lakes, so the shape of the hydrograph changes continuously.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "basic high water" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[洪水処理]
 洪水が生じても,それに対する処理計画が万全で十分に実施され,維持管理も行き届いていれば,堤防も決壊せず水害とはならない。洪水処理計画においては,計画の対象とする洪水――基本高水と呼ばれる――を想定し,その規模の洪水までは河道内を安全に流過させるように工事実施基本計画を樹立する。基本高水は重要河川では確率的に150年もしくは200年に1回発生する程度の大洪水とする。…

【治水】より

…洪水パターンは,ハイドログラフhydrographと称する,時間と洪水水位または洪水流量との関係を表す図によって示される。上述の解析計算によるハイドログラフ群から計画ハイドログラフを定め,これを基準にして諸検討の結果を総合的に考慮してその治水計画において基本となる洪水(基本高水)を決定する。河川は上流から下流へと流れ下るにしたがって,次々と支川が流入したり,派川が分かれたり,また湖沼との間で洪水流をやりとりしたりするので,ハイドログラフの形は次々と変化していく。…

※「基本高水」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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