A type of chromatography classified by the type of separation procedure. A suitable substance such as an adsorbent is packed into a tube such as a glass tube as the stationary phase, a small amount of the mixture sample is introduced into one end of the tube, and then a suitable mobile phase (gas or liquid) is continuously passed through it, and the mixture is separated or qualitatively or quantitatively determined based on the differences in the properties of the components in the substances, such as their adsorption, solubility, volatility, and ion exchange capacity, in both phases. The tube used for this is called a chromatographic column or simply a column, and chromatography that uses a column is called column chromatography. All packing materials used for adsorption, distribution, ion exchange, and gel filtration are used as the stationary phase. It is also widely used for the purpose of separating and purifying pure substances from mixture samples. [Takada Takeo] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
クロマトグラフィーを分離操作上の形式から分類した1種。吸着剤その他として適当な物質を固定相としてガラス管のような管に詰め、管の一端に少量の混合物試料を導入し、次に適当な移動相(気体または液体)をこれに連続的に流し、両相への物質中の各成分の吸着性、溶解性、揮発性、イオン交換能などの性質の差によって混合物の分離あるいは定性、定量などを行う方法である。これに使う管をクロマトカラムまたは単にカラムとよび、カラムを使用するクロマトグラフィーをカラムクロマトグラフィーという。固定相となる充填(じゅうてん)剤としては、吸着、分配、イオン交換、ゲル濾過(ろか)用の各充填剤のすべてが利用されている。混合物試料からの純粋物質の分取や精製の目的などにも広く利用されている。 [高田健夫] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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