...a spectacle consisting of animal tricks and human acrobatics. The word originates from the Latin meaning circle or rotation, and also refers to the circular arena (circus) in ancient Rome where shows, horse races, fights between humans and wild animals, and other combats were held. The origins of tightrope walking and other acrobatics and animal shows go back to ancient Egypt, but the prototype of a show hall with a round crowd surrounding it and looking down on it dates back to Rome. This amphitheater model remains in the permanent tents of circuses around the world today, and mobile tents are also based on it. Then, in 1770, British veteran Philip Astley added acrobatics and tightrope walking to the Astley Royal Theatre in addition to horse acrobatics, and this is said to be the birth of the modern form of circus. *Some of the terminology that refers to "Kinoshita Circus" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…動物の芸,人間の曲芸で構成される見世物。語源はラテン語で円周,回転などを意味し,古代ローマの見世物,競馬,人間と猛獣の格闘や闘技などが行われた円形の競技場(キルクス)をもさす。綱渡りなどの曲芸や,動物の見世物の起源は古代エジプトにさかのぼるが,群集がまるく取り巻いて見下ろす見世物場の原型はローマにはじまる。この円形劇場の型が,現在でも各国のサーカス常設小屋に残され,移動テントもそれに準じている。そして1770年イギリスの退役軍人アストリーPhilip Astleyが〈アストリー・ローヤル演芸劇場〉で,曲馬だけでなくこれにアクロバット,綱渡りの演目を加えたのが,近代サーカスの形態の誕生とされる。… ※「木下サーカス」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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