...The Supreme Court has also determined that a handwritten will is valid if it is prepared as a single will, even if it spans several pages, as long as the date, signature, and seal are all on one page (1961 judgment), and that if the testator is a foreigner, the will is valid even if there is no seal as long as the testator signs it (1974 judgment). However, it has not yet gone so far as to determine that so-called "auspicious day wills" (wills that state only the year and month and state the date as an auspicious day) are valid (1979 judgment). A handwritten will is the most widely used type of will because it can be prepared by anyone who can write, does not require a notary public, witnesses, or attendants, is inexpensive, and the fact and content of its preparation can be kept secret. However, if the person has little legal knowledge, there is a risk that it will be invalidated due to improper formalities, and because it is not kept by a publicly responsible individual or institution such as a notary public, there is a risk that it will be lost, destroyed, forged, or not found, and its authenticity is often challenged after the testator's death. *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Auspicious Day Wills" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…だから,最高裁判所もまた,自筆証書遺言は,数葉にわたるときでも一通の遺言書として作成されているときは,その日付・署名・捺印は一葉にされておれば有効と解し(1961年判決),また,遺言者が外国人であるときなどは,遺言者の署名があれば,捺印がなくても有効と解している(1974年判決)。しかし,いわゆる〈吉日遺言〉(年月の記載のみで日付を吉日と記載しているもの)を有効と解するまでには立ち至っていない(1979年判決)。自筆証書遺言は,文字の書ける者ならだれでも自分だけで作成でき,公証人,証人,立会人も必要でなく,費用もかからず,作成の事実・内容を秘密にしておける利点があるので,最も広く利用されているが,法律知識の乏しい者の場合には,方式不備で無効とされるおそれもあり,また,公証人など公の責任ある個人もしくは機関によって保管されるわけではないから,紛失,滅失,偽造,未発見のおそれもあり,遺言者の死後,その真実性が争われることが多いという欠点がある。… ※「吉日遺言」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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