North China Development Company

Japanese: 北支那開発会社 - きたしなかいはつがいしゃ

...Companies engaged in colonization and development projects both in Japan and overseas. Most of them were established for the purpose of immigration and development in colonies, and many were semi-public, national policy companies established by law. The oldest colonization companies were the South Manchuria Railway Company (Mantetsu, 1906) and the Oriental Takushoku Company (Totaku, 1908), which were established after the Russo-Japanese War. The South Manchuria Railway Company played an important role in Japan's management of Manchuria (northeastern China) with transportation and mining and manufacturing at its core, while Totaku was established with the purpose of colonizing Korea. Following the Manchurian Incident, as Japan's occupied territories expanded into Manchuria and mainland China, the number of colonization companies also increased. ...

From the Second Sino-Japanese War

...an all-out war between Japan and China that was fought mainly on the Chinese mainland from 1937 to 1945, and which became a part of the Pacific War. As a result, not only did Japan's colonial empire that had existed since the Meiji era collapse, but the situation in East Asia also underwent major changes.
[Prehistory]
Since 1931, Japan has been encroaching on China on a large scale through military force, and using this as a foothold, it has been pushing forward with a policy of monopolizing China. First, it caused the Manchurian Incident, created the "Manchukuo" and placed the four northeastern provinces under Japanese control, and then in 1935 it began maneuvering in North China to turn the five northern provinces south of the Great Wall into a second "Manchukuo."

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "North China Development Company" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…日本の国内，海外で植民および開拓事業を営む会社。その大半が植民地での移民，開拓を目的に設立され，多くは法令にもとづく半官半民の国策会社であった。最も古い拓殖会社は，日露戦争後に設立された南満州鉄道株式会社(満鉄，1906)と東洋拓殖株式会社(東拓，1908)である。満鉄は交通･鉱工業を軸に，日本の満州(中国東北)経営に重要な役割を担い，東拓は朝鮮での植民地支配を目的に設立された。満州事変以降，日本の占領地域が満州，中国本土に拡大するに伴い，拓殖会社も増加した。…

【日中戦争】より

…1937年(昭和12)から45年までおもに中国大陸で戦われた日本と中国との全面戦争で，太平洋戦争が起こるとその一環となった。その結果，明治以来の日本の植民地帝国が崩壊したばかりでなく，東アジアの情勢も大きな変革をとげた。
［前史］
　日本は1931年以来武力によって中国を大規模に侵食し，そこを足場に中国の独占をめざす政策を推し進めた。まず満州事変を起こして〈満州国〉をつくり東北4省を日本の支配下におき，ついで35年には長城線の南の華北5省を第2の〈満州国〉にしようと華北工作を開始した。…

※「北支那開発会社」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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