Abhidharma

Japanese: 阿毘達磨 - あびだつま

A transliteration of the Sanskrit word abhidharma. It is also transliterated as Abhidharma or Bidam, and is translated as Treatise or Taiho. It means "investigation of the teachings." After the death of the Buddha, his teachings were collected, but they were gradually organized and developed into several theories through interpretation, commentary, and understanding of the teachings. This investigation is called Abhidharma. Therefore, it is characterized by analytically explaining the teachings of the Buddha from all angles. During the period of Hinayana Buddhism, the creation of treatises with this characteristic was particularly notable, and today, those belonging to the southern Theravada school in Sri Lanka and the Sarvastivada school whose texts were translated into Chinese are in their complete form. For example, the Sri Lankan Theravada school has the Canon, which consists of seven treatises such as the Dharma Collection, and later commentaries on these treatises and numerous treatises were created.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

サンスクリット語 abhidharmaの音写。阿毘曇，毘曇とも音写され，論，対法などと訳される。「教法の究明」の意。釈尊の死後，その教説は集成されたが，次第にこれを整理し，教説の解釈，注釈，理解などを通じていくつかの学説に発展した。このような究明を阿毘達磨という。したがって釈尊の教説をあらゆる角度から分析的に説明することを特色とする。部派仏教時代には，とりわけこの特色をもった論書の作成が顕著で，現在ではスリランカの南方上座部と，文献が漢訳された説一切有部に属するものが完全な形をもつ。たとえばスリランカの上座部は，論蔵をもつが，それは法集などの7論書より成り，そののちこれらの論書の注釈書あるいは数多くの論書が作成された。

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