… In the first half to the middle of the 19th century, the Volksschule developed as a system that was completely separate from the Gymnasium, an elite secondary education institution leading to university education, as a compulsory primary education institution for the common people. In the 20th century, as a result of the so-called unified school movement, the Weimar Republic established the four-year elementary education institution (Grundschule) as a common primary education institution for all German citizens for the first time in the history of German education after World War I. The name Volksschule was generally used to refer to the remaining four years of general compulsory education, including the elementary school stage, except for those who went on to secondary education institutions such as Gymnasium after graduating from the Grundschule. Many students immediately entered the workforce after graduating from the Volksschule, so the upper four years still retained their basic character as a school for the common people. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "basic school" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 19世紀の前半から中葉にかけてのフォルクスシューレは,民衆層のための初等義務教育機関として,大学教育に接続するエリート中等教育機関であるギムナジウムGymnasiumとはまったく別系統のものとして制度的に発展していった。20世紀に入り,いわゆる統一学校運動の成果として,第1次世界大戦後のワイマール共和国において,ドイツ教育史上はじめてすべての国民に共通の初等教育機関として4年制の基礎学校(グルントシューレGrundschule)が設定されたが,その修了後ギムナジウム等の中等教育機関に進学する者を除いた残り4年間の普通義務教育のための学校に対して,基礎学校段階をも含めてフォルクスシューレの名称が一般に用いられた。フォルクスシューレ卒業後は直ちに職業生活に入る者が多く,したがって上級の4年間は依然として民衆層のための学校という基本的性格を保持していた。… ※「基礎学校」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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