Chloasma - Chloasma (English spelling)
What is the disease?These are commonly known as "freckles" and appear as light brown spots on the face. Since it is more common in women, thickens during pregnancy, and can be caused by oral contraceptives, a connection to female hormones, particularly follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, has been suggested. In addition, symptoms appear in areas that are easily exposed to ultraviolet rays, and actual exposure to ultraviolet rays is often associated with a worsening of symptoms, so ultraviolet rays are thought to be an important cause of the onset of the disease. Stress is also thought to play a role. How symptoms manifestLight brown pigmentation spots appear symmetrically on the face of women in their 30s and 40s, especially on the cheeks, forehead, and upper lip. If they appear during pregnancy, they often appear from about the second or third month of pregnancy and gradually become darker in color. They may gradually disappear after delivery, but may persist for a long time. With oral contraceptives, the longer you take them, the more likely you are to experience symptoms. Examination and treatment methodsNo special tests are needed for diagnosis. Oral use of tranexamic acid, vitamin C, or vitamin E, topical application of skin lightening agents such as hydroquinone, kojic acid, arbutin, or linoleic acid, or chemical peels may be effective. What to do if you notice an illnessBasically, you need to be careful not to be exposed to ultraviolet rays. It is a good idea to use sunscreen when going out. It is also important to change your mood and get enough sleep so as not to accumulate stress. Consult a dermatologist regarding treatment. Tatsuya Horikawa Source: Houken “Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia” Information about the Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia |
どんな病気かいわゆる「しみ」で、顔面に淡褐色斑として現れます。 女性に多く、妊娠時に濃くなることや、経口避妊薬によって引き起こされることがあることなどから、女性ホルモン、とくに卵胞ホルモンと黄体ホルモンとの関連が指摘されています。 また、紫外線にあたりやすい部位に症状が現れ、実際に紫外線をあびることが症状の悪化と関連している場合が多いので、発症の原因として紫外線が重要であると考えられています。 さらに、ストレスも関係していると考えられています。 症状の現れ方30～40代の女性の顔面、とくに頬、額、上口唇に左右対称に淡褐色の色素斑が現れます。妊娠時に現れる場合は、妊娠2～3カ月ころから現れることが多く、次第に色調が濃くなります。出産後には徐々に消えていく場合もありますが、長期に持続する場合もあります。 経口避妊薬によるものでは、内服が長期になるほど症状が出やすくなります。 検査・治療の方法診断のための特別な検査は必要ありません。 トラネキサム酸、ビタミンC、ビタミンEの内服やハイドロキノン、コウジ酸、アルブチン、リノール酸などの美白剤の外用、またはケミカルピーリングが効果的なことがあります。 病気に気づいたらどうする基本的には、紫外線にあたらないように注意をする必要があります。外出時にはサンスクリーンを使用するのがよいでしょう。ストレスをためないように気分転換を行ったり、十分な睡眠をとることも大切です。 治療については皮膚科専門医に相談してください。 堀川 達弥 出典 法研「六訂版 家庭医学大全科」六訂版 家庭医学大全科について 情報 |
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