…Most cases are secondary hematogenous infections from infections elsewhere in the body, such as upper respiratory tract infections, but inflammation from sinusitis or otitis media can also spread directly to the meninges. In addition to so-called infectious diseases, chronic meningitis can occur with sarcoidosis and Behçet's disease, and when cancer metastases to the meninges, it is also called carcinomatous meningitis, which is important for differentiation. Symptoms include (1) infection symptoms such as fever and fatigue, (2) meningeal irritation symptoms such as headache (sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting), apical rigidity, Kernig's sign, and Brudzinski's sign, and (3) brain and cranial nerve symptoms such as impaired consciousness, convulsions, cranial nerve disorders, and congested nipples, and these are combined to various degrees. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "carcinomatous meningitis" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…多くは上気道感染など身体の他の部位の感染巣からの血行性の二次感染であるが,副鼻腔炎や中耳炎などから炎症が直接髄膜に波及することもある。いわゆる感染症のほかにサルコイドーシスやベーチェット病で慢性の髄膜炎が出現することがあり,髄膜に癌が転移したときは癌性髄膜炎とも呼ばれ,鑑別上重要である。 症状は,(1)感染症状として発熱,倦怠感など,(2)髄膜刺激症状として頭痛(ときに悪心,嘔吐を伴う),頂部硬直,ケルニッヒ徴候,ブルジンスキー徴候など,(3)脳・脳神経症状として意識障害,痙攣(けいれん),脳神経障害,鬱血(うつけつ)乳頭などがあり,これらがさまざまな程度に組み合わさって生ずる。… ※「癌性髄膜炎」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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