…In xerophytic plants, the water potential (the pressure of water movement, where water moves from high to low water potential) decreases significantly in response to a decrease in the water content of leaves and roots, which is said to result in a decrease in transpiration and an increase in water absorption during dry periods. There are the following mechanisms for avoiding water deficiency within the plant body, of which morphological characteristics are called xeromorphism. (1) Water is retained by reducing transpiration from leaves through the collapse and rapid opening and closing of stomata, the development of a cuticle layer on the epidermis, dense hairs and scales, and the miniaturization, wrapping, and wilting of leaves. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "xerophytic form" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…乾生植物では葉や根の含水量の低下に対して水ポテンシャル(水移動の圧で,水ポテンシャルの高い方から低い方へ水が移動する)の低下が著しいことが,乾燥時の蒸散の低下,吸水能力の向上をもたらすとの説がある。 植物体内の水欠乏を避けるしくみには次のようなものがあり,そのうち形態的な特徴は乾生形態xeromorphismといわれる。(1)気孔の陥没・すばやい開閉,表皮でのクチクラ層の発達・毛や鱗片の密生,葉の小型化・包み込み・しおれなどにより葉からの蒸散を少なくして保水する。… ※「乾生形態」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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