Audit report - Kansahokokusho (English)

Japanese: 監査報告書 - かんさほうこくしょ(英語表記)audit report
Audit report - Kansahokokusho (English)

This is a document in which the auditor gives his/her opinion on the subject of the audit, the summary of the audit, and the results of the audit. There are long and short audit reports, but for general investors and shareholders, the short audit report, which only describes the summary and conclusion of the audit, is used. The long audit report describes problems and improvements found during the audit process, and is submitted to management and is not made public. In the audit by a certified public accountant under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act and the Companies Act, an opinion is expressed on the fairness of the financial statements. The overall opinion on fairness can be an unqualified opinion (no problems), a qualified opinion (some problems exist, but the financial statements are fair overall), or an adverse opinion (there are some extremely inappropriate statements, and the financial statements as a whole are judged to be misrepresented). In addition, if the audit could not be performed due to deficiencies in the accounting books, the fact is made clear in the audit summary, and an audit opinion cannot be expressed, resulting in a disclaimer of opinion.

In addition, with the revision of the auditing standards in 2002, when there are events or circumstances that cast significant doubt on the going concern assumption and significant uncertainty remains regarding the resolution or improvement of those events, an audit opinion must be expressed as to whether the matters related to those doubts have been appropriately disclosed in the financial statements. This is because, for investors, whether a company will continue its business activities into the future is important information, and after the collapse of the bubble economy, there were a series of corporate bankruptcies, which created strong expectations from society for auditors.

[Tetsuyoshi Hasegawa and Yoshito Nakamura]

"How to Read Audit Reports" by Akira Kanie, 3rd Edition (2007, Souseisha)

[Reference] | Audit | Financial statements

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

監査人が、実施した監査の対象、監査の概要、監査の結果についての意見を述べた書類。この報告書には、長文式監査報告書と短文式監査報告書があるが、一般投資家や株主に対しては、監査の概要や結論のみを記載した短文式監査報告書が用いられる。長文式監査報告書は、監査の過程で発見された問題点や改善点などを述べたもので、経営者に提出され、外部には公表されない。金融商品取引法および会社法における公認会計士監査においては、財務諸表の適正性に関する意見が表明される。この適正性についての総合意見には、無限定適正意見(なんら問題点なしとするもの)、限定付適正意見(一部問題点はあるが、全体としては適正とするもの)、不適正意見(著しく不適切なものがあり、財務諸表が全体として虚偽の表示にあたると判断するもの)がある。また、会計帳簿の不備などで監査が実施できなかった場合は、監査の概要にその旨を明らかにし、監査意見は表明できないとして、意見不表明となる。

 なお、2002年(平成14)の監査基準の改訂で、継続企業の前提に重要な疑義を抱かせる事象や状況が存在し、それらの事象の解消や改善に重要な不確実性が残る場合には、その疑義にかかわる事項が財務諸表において適切に開示されているかどうかについて、監査意見において表明することになった。これは、投資家等にとって、企業が将来にわたって事業活動を継続するかどうかは重要な情報であり、バブル経済崩壊後、企業破綻(はたん)の事例が相次ぎ、監査人に対する社会の強い期待が生じてきたためである。

[長谷川哲嘉・中村義人]

『蟹江章著『監査報告書の読み方』3訂版(2007・創成社)』

[参照項目] | 会計監査 | 財務諸表

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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