Prison rules

...In addition, exile that was scheduled for Hokkaido was converted to imprisonment, and imprisonment with a certain period of hard labor was recognized as the main form of imprisonment, and its implementation was left to the prisons under the jurisdiction of each prefecture. In 1871 (Meiji 4), Obara Shigeya of the Ministry of Justice inspected the British prison systems in Hong Kong and Singapore, which resulted in the Prison Rules and Diagrams the following year. Prior to that year, the Penal Code, which was enacted based on Western law, replaced whips and canes with short-term imprisonment, but in 1873 the aforementioned prisons were renamed penal colonies, and in the revised Law of the same year, exile and imprisonment were unified into imprisonment (with the addition of life imprisonment) with the same sentences. ...

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Prison Rules" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…また，北海道を予定していた流刑も徒刑に転換されるなど，一定期間の使役を内容とする徒刑が自由刑の中心として認められ，その実施は各府藩県管轄の徒場にまかされた。1871年(明治4)には刑部省の小原重哉によるホンコン，シンガポールのイギリス獄制視察が行われ，翌年の〈監獄則幷図式〉に結実する。同年，それに先立ち，西洋法を参照して制定された懲役法により，笞･杖が短期自由刑たる懲役に代えられていたが，73年には先述の徒場は懲役場と改称され，同年の改定律例では，流･徒刑も刑期はそのままに(ただし終身が加わる)懲役に一本化された。…

※「監獄則」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報