...In the 19th century, Weber, Berlioz, and Meyerbeer further expanded the orchestra. In his book Orchestration (1843), Berlioz recommended the use of new wind and percussion instruments, and suggested 121 members as the ideal number for a regular concert and 465 for a festival. This enlargement of the Romantic orchestra reached its zenith with Wagner (who added the Wagner tuba to the orchestra), Mahler (whose Symphony No. 8 required more than 1,000 members, and was called the Symphony of the Thousand), R. Strauss (who used the most ornate orchestral techniques), and A. Schoenberg (whose Gurrelieder is famous for its large arrangement, including soloists and a chorus). ... *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Orchestration" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…19世紀に入ってからは,ウェーバー,ベルリオーズ,マイヤーベーアがオーケストラの拡大の道をさらに推し進めた。ベルリオーズはその著《管弦楽法》(1843)で,新しい管楽器や打楽器の使用をすすめ,通常のコンサートの理想的なメンバーとして121名,フェスティバルのためには465名という数をあげている。このようなロマン派のオーケストラの巨大化は,ワーグナー(オーケストラに〈ワーグナー・チューバ〉を加えた),マーラー(交響曲第8番は,1000人以上のメンバーを必要とするので《1000人の交響曲》とよばれる),R.シュトラウス(華麗をきわめた管弦楽法を用いた),A.シェーンベルク(《グレの歌》は独唱と合唱を含む膨大な編成で有名)によって頂点に達した。… ※「《管弦楽法》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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