Calvin cycle, also known as the reductive pentose phosphate cycle. This is the dark pathway of photosynthesis established by M. Calvin and A. Benson. It is a reaction that produces sugar from carbon dioxide CO 2 using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced NADP (NADPH) supplied by the photochemical reaction of the light pathway. Carbon dioxide reacts with ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate to produce two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate, which is then phosphorylated by ATP and reduced by NADPH to become glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate. Some of this is used to regenerate the starting material of the cycle, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, completing the cycle. The remainder is converted to sucrose, starch, and cellulose via glucose-1-phosphate. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
カルビン回路,または還元的ペントースリン酸回路ともいう。 M.カルビン,A.ベンソンにより確立された光合成の暗反応経路のこと。明反応経路の光化学反応によって供給されるアデノシン三リン酸 ATPと還元型 NADP (NADPHのこと) を利用して炭酸ガス CO2 から糖を生成する反応である。炭酸はリブロース-1,5-二リン酸と反応して,2分子の3-ホスホグリセリン酸になり,さらに ATPによるリン酸化,NADPHによる還元を受けて,グリセルアルデヒド3-リン酸となる。この一部は回路の出発物質リブロース1,5-ビスリン酸を再生するのに使われ,回路の反応が一巡する。残りはグルコース1-リン酸を経てスクロース,デンプン,セルロースへと変る。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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