A Ghorid dynasty (1245-1389) whose capital was Herat in Afghanistan. It is also called the Kurtid dynasty. Around 1245, Shams-ud-Din, a native Ghorid of the Kurt family, appeared in Herat, which was destroyed by Genghis Khan's westward expedition, and was given control of Herat, Sistan, Balkh, and India by Mongke Khan. The successive kings who succeeded him maintained their independence while serving the Ilkhanate, and protected many writers and scholars, developing Iranian-Islamic court culture. In the 14th century, they temporarily expanded their power by taking advantage of the decline of the Ilkhanate, but they were attacked by the Sarvadar government that rose in Khorasan, and then lost Balkh and Kabul to the invasion of the Chagatai tribes of Transoxiana, and finally were destroyed by Timur. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
アフガニスタンのヘラートを首都としたゴール人の王朝 (1245~1389) 。クルト朝とも呼ばれる。チンギス・ハンの西征によって破壊されたヘラートに,1245年頃土着のゴール人カルト家のシャムス・ウッディーンが現れ,モンケ (蒙哥)・ハンからヘラート,シースターン,バルフからインドにいたる地域の支配権をゆだねられた。彼を継いだ代々の王は,イル・ハン国に仕えながらも独立を維持し,多数の文人や学者を保護してイラン・イスラム宮廷文化を発達させた。 14世紀にはイル・ハン国の衰退に乗じて一時勢力を拡大したが,やがてホラーサーンに勃興したサルバダール政権の攻撃を受け,またトランスオクシアナのチャガタイ族の侵入によりバルフ,カブールなどを失って衰え,ついにチムール (帖木児)によって滅ぼされた。
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