Galtung, J.

Japanese: ガルトゥング,J. - がるとぅんぐ
Galtung, J.

While modernization theory is premised on a linear development model in which developing countries follow the same economic development path as industrialized countries, since the late 1960s, peace researchers and dependency theorists have presented a new framework called center and periphery. For example, Norwegian peace researcher Johan Galtung likens the modern world order to feudalism and models the fact that the gap between industrialized and developing countries will be fixed or widened. In other words, he hypothesizes that horizontal and multifaceted networks of trade, transportation, information, political negotiations, and military relations are formed between industrialized central countries, while relations between peripheral countries are not very developed, and vertical relationships of dominance and dependency are formed between central and peripheral countries.

From [Peace Studies]

… When it comes to European peace studies, we must first touch on the Nordic tradition. The modest activities of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, famous for publishing the annual report World Armaments and Disarmament, are well known worldwide, but the research activities of the Oslo International Peace Research Institute, founded by Norwegian sociologist Johan Galtung and carried out under his guidance, are of paramount importance in the sense that they have made peace the subject of intellectual inquiry. In particular, Galtung's academic endeavors opened up new horizons in peace studies and have had a major influence on the development of peace studies. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Galtung, J." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…近代化論が,工業国がたどったのと同一の経済発展コースを発展途上国その後を追ってたどるという単線的な発展モデルを前提としているのに対して,1960年代末より,平和研究者や従属論者(従属論)によって,中心対周辺center and peripheryという新しい枠組みが提示された。たとえば,ノルウェーの平和研究者ガルトゥングJohan Galtungは,現代の世界秩序を封建制になぞらえ,工業国と発展途上国の格差が固定化ないし拡大されることをモデル化した。すなわち,工業化をとげた中心国相互では通商,交通,情報,政治交渉,軍事関係などは水平的で多角的なネットワークが形成されるのに対して,周辺国相互の関係はあまり発達せず,中心国と周辺国の中には縦割りの支配・従属関係が形成されると仮定した。…

【平和研究】より

… ヨーロッパの平和研究としては,まず北欧の伝統に触れなくてはならない。《世界の軍備と軍縮》年報の刊行で著名な〈ストックホルム国際平和研究所〉の地味な活動は世界的に著名であるが,平和を知的探究の対象としたという意味で,ノルウェーの社会学者ガルトゥングJohan Galtungによって創設され,その指導下で展開された〈オスロ国際平和研究所〉の研究活動がなによりも重要である。とりわけ,ガルトゥングの学問的営為は平和研究の新地平を切り開き,平和研究の発展に大きな影響力を与えた。…

※「ガルトゥング,J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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