Additive - Additive

Japanese: 加役 - かやく

〘 noun 〙① A temporary servant's duty that was added to the regular servant 's duty. ※Shoku Nihongi - Wadō 2nd year (709), January Jin-go "For _every person who commits _a crime, he will be given a fine of 200, and those _who are given additional duties and _{who do not} _report the crime will be punished with _one _each ." ② A temporary duty in addition to one's regular job. Also, the person in question. ⇔ Regular job. ※Kan'ei version of the Soga Monogatari (around the Northern and Southern Courts) , 4 "Not only that, but also temporary duties." ③ Of ②, this specifically refers to the title of a job in the Edo Shogunate, the Hitsuke Tozoku Aratame, who was in charge of public order in Edo city. ※Daigai Jun (late Edo period?) (Koji Ruien, official ranks 53) "Additional duties from the advance guard, 40 people's stipend, Hitsuke Tozoku Aratame" ④ (derived from ②) Something that helps with things. ※Sakehon Onna-san (1779) "He has not yet reached his full age, and continues to play additional roles in Kabuki and Bosatsu performances." ⑤ In Kabuki, when an actor plays a role other than his regular role. This is the case when a leading actor becomes a female actor, or vice versa. It also refers to the special allowance received as a result. This arose around the mid-Edo period, when the division of roles began to break down. ※Zappai Yanagi-taru-145 (1837) "Ro Chishen and Yamato Takeo take on additional roles."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 正規の夫役(ぶやく)のほかに追加された臨時の夫役。※続日本紀‐和銅二年（709）正月壬午「行_二濫逐_一レ利者、加杖二百、加役当_レ徒、知_レ情不_レ告者、各与_二同罪_一」② 本職以外に臨時につとめる役。また、その人。⇔本役。※寛永版曾我物語（南北朝頃）四「然かのみならず、臨時のかやく」③ ②のうち、特に江戸幕府の職名で、江戸市中の治安を担当した火附盗賊改(ひつけとうぞくあらため)をいう。※大概順（江戸末か）（古事類苑・官位五三）「御先手より加役四十人扶持火附盗賊改」④ (②から転じて) 物事の助けとなるもの。※洒落本・女鬼産（1779）「かれはいまだ年数不立間、歌舞のぼさつの加役を勤め」⑤ 歌舞伎で、役者が自分の持役以外の役を勤めること。立役が女形になり、あるいは、女形が立役になったりする類。また、それによって受け取る特別手当をいう。江戸中期ごろ役柄の分業制がくずれ始めて起こったもの。※雑俳・柳多留‐一四五（1837）「加役で当(あて)る魯智深と日本武」

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