Originally an adjective meaning "of one's own country" in Indian languages. By extension, it means encouraging the use of indigenous products. As far back as the 1860s and 1870s, there was the Swadeshi movement, which aimed to develop indigenous industries in Maharashtra, but in Indian history, this name generally refers to a form of widespread anti-British nationalist movement that developed in protest against the partition of Bengal in 1905. Its main content was the development of industry through Indian capital and the promotion of domestic products, including the rejection of foreign goods, but in Bengal it also spread widely to social and cultural movements. Its mass tactics rallied not only intellectuals and the middle class throughout India, but also the general public, to the anti-British independence movement. It also contributed to a certain extent to the development of Indian national capital. In the early 1920s, M. Gandhi also launched a movement of this name. [Masao Naito] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
本来インド諸語で「自国の」を表す形容詞。転じて土着商品の愛用奨励を意味する。古くは1860、70年代にマハラシュトラの土着産業発展を目ざすスワデーシー運動があるが、一般にインド史では、1905年のベンガル分割に抵抗して展開された広範な反英民族運動の一形態をこの名でよぶ。インド人資本による産業の発展と外国品排斥を含む国産品奨励をおもな内容とするが、ベンガルでは広く社会、文化運動にも波及した。その大衆的戦術により全インドの知識人、中間階層のみならず一般大衆をも反英独立運動に糾合していった。また、インド民族資本の発展にも一定の寄与をした。1920年代初めにはM・ガンディーもこの名の運動を展開する。 [内藤雅雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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