Kamishimo Gyoshukuro - Elders of Kami-Shimogyo

… Town (cho) [Nakamura Ken] In the Tenbun period (1532-55), each town group had a representative called Gachigyo-ji, who was rotated among the town elders. Gachigyo-ji paid tribute to the shogun at the beginning of the year, and held a meeting to allocate town taxes among the towns. He was also called Gachigyo-ji by the nobles and warriors as Gachigyo-ji (Gokei-ki). The early self-governance function of the town group was strong, with certain rights to punish crimes, such as the Erizeni-rei (Cho Selection Order) and the investigation of violators, but as the power of the shogunate and feudal domains was strengthened, such as the establishment of the Kyoto Shoshidai, this gradually became a mere formality, and an executive organization was established, with Nen-gyoji (Zajo in Shimogyo) and Tsuki-gyoji (Tsuki-toban in Shimogyo) in place. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Shimojyokyo Sukuro" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…町（ちょう）【仲村 研】　町組には天文期(1532‐55)にすでに月行事（がちぎようじ）と呼ばれる代表者が置かれ，町の年寄が輪番で当たった。月行事は年頭に将軍らに拝礼したほか，町入費を町々に割りかける〈大割(勘定)寄合〉を催し，公武衆からは〈上下京宿老〉(《言継卿記》)などとも呼ばれた。初期町組の自治機能は撰銭令（えりぜにれい）違犯者検断など一定の犯科処罰権を伴う強固なものであったが，京都所司代の成立など幕藩権力支配の強化につれてしだいに形骸化し，執行組織も整備されて，年行事(下京では座上)と月行事(下京では月当番)が置かれた。…

※「上下京宿老」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報