…In 1965, a series of large-scale bankruptcies became a social problem, and it became necessary to strengthen the audit system. A solution was finally realized in 1974, when the Law on Special Provisions of the Commercial Code Concerning Audits of Corporations (Commercial Code Special Provisions Law, promulgated in 1974), enacted as part of the Commercial Code amendments of the same year, required financial statements of corporations with capital of 500 million yen or more to be audited by an accounting auditor before they were submitted to the regular general meeting. The law temporarily exempted some companies from this requirement, but the amendments of 1981 abolished the temporary measure and made it applicable to corporations with total liabilities of 20 billion yen or more (Commercial Code Special Provisions Law, Article 2). … From the company:...The control of directors' business execution was to be exercised autonomously by the board of directors, which was a deliberative body, in the process of deciding on business execution (self-audit system). However, the board of directors' self-audit system did not take root sufficiently in Japan, and in 1974, auditors were reinstated as a business auditing body, and furthermore, large companies above a certain size were required to have their accounts audited by an accounting auditor (Law Concerning Special Provisions of the Commercial Code Concerning Audits, etc. of Corporations). This special law essentially divided corporations into large companies and small companies in terms of audits, etc. From [Financial documents]...The matters to be included in financial statements and supplementary details are stipulated in the Ministry of Justice Ordinance "Regulations on Financial Statements" (official title: "Regulations on Balance Sheets, Profit and Loss Statements, Business Reports and Supplementary Details of Corporations"). The above is the general principle of the Commercial Code regarding financial statements, but there are exceptions for large companies. If the accounting auditor and the board of auditors declare that their respective audits are legal, the balance sheet and profit and loss statement are finalized with the approval of the board of directors alone, so approval of the general meeting of shareholders is not required, and the contents can be reported in the same way as for the business report (Special Act on the Commercial Code (official title: "Act on Special Measures of the Commercial Code Regarding Audits, etc. of Corporations"), Article 16, Paragraph 1). Therefore, in this case, the only thing that requires approval of the general meeting of shareholders is the proposed appropriation of profits. ... *This page contains some explanations of terms that refer to the "Act on Special Provisions of the Commercial Code Concerning Audits, etc. of Corporations." Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…1965年に大型倒産が続発して社会問題となり,監査制度を強化する必要に迫られた。その対策は74年にようやく実現し,同年の商法改正の一環として制定された〈株式会社の監査等に関する商法の特例に関する法律〉(商法特例法,1974公布)が,資本金5億円以上の株式会社の計算書類につき,定時総会提出前に会計監査人の監査を要求することになった。同法は一部の会社につきこの要件を暫定的に免除していたが,81年改正によりその暫定措置を廃止するとともに,負債総額200億円以上の株式会社にも適用することにした(商法特例法2条)。… 【会社】より…取締役の業務執行についてのコントロールは,合議体の取締役会が業務執行を決定する過程で自律的に行うべきものとされたのである(自己監査制度)。ところが,取締役会の自己監査制度は日本には十分に根づかず,74年には監査役が業務監査機関として復活し,さらに一定規模以上の大会社については,新たに会計監査人による会計の監査を必要とするものとされた(〈株式会社の監査等に関する商法の特例に関する法律〉)。この特例法によって,実質的には,株式会社は監査等の面で大会社と小会社とに分化されたことになる。… 【計算書類】より…計算書類および付属明細書の記載事項は,法務省令〈計算書類規則〉(正称は〈株式会社の貸借対照表,損益計算書,営業報告書及び付属明細書に関する規則〉)に規定されている。 以上は計算書類に関する商法の一般原則であるが,大会社については特例があり,会計監査人および監査役会がそれぞれの監査において適法であると表明した場合には,貸借対照表と損益計算書は取締役会の承認だけで確定するので,株主総会の承認は必要なく,営業報告書についてと同様に,その内容を報告すればよい(商法特例法(正称は〈株式会社の監査等に関する商法の特例に関する法律〉)16条1項)。したがって,この場合に株主総会の承認を要するのは利益処分案だけである。… ※「株式会社の監査等に関する商法の特例に関する法律」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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