Kabato Penal Colony - Kabato Penal Colony

Japanese: 樺戸集治監 - かばとしゅうじかん

...The Prison Law of the following year stipulated detention houses, penal houses (penal servitude, incarceration), and penal colonies (hard labor, exile, imprisonment) for the execution of imprisonment, and also established prison cellars for pretrial detention, holding cells attached to courts and police stations, and penal colonies for minors, with the pretense of distinguishing between them. In the same year, the Kabato Penal Colony was opened, and the use of prisoners for the development of Hokkaido began. As imprisonment under the old Penal Code became longer, prisoners were sent to prison with iron chains and large-scale prison factories appeared. Disciplinary measures were emphasized to maintain discipline within the prisons and prevent recidivism, and in 1887, prisoners were sent to prison for a few months, modeled on the British system of idle service. ...

From Tsukigata Town

…It is located on the right bank of the Ishikari River from the southern end of the Mashike Mountains to the Ishikari Plain, and its eastern part borders Bibai City. Because of its convenient location for boat transportation, the Kabato Penal Colony was established in 1881, and the town was formed along with it. Until the penal colony was abolished in 1919, the Sorachi and Kamikawa regions were developed by the inmates. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Kabato Penal Colony" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…翌年の監獄則は，自由刑の執行につき，拘留場，懲役場(懲役，禁錮)，集治監(徒刑，流刑，禁獄)を定め，ほかに未決監たる監倉と裁判所･警察署に付属する留置場，および幼年者等を入れる懲治場をおき，相互の区別を建前とした。同年には樺戸集治監の開設など北海道開拓のための囚人利用が始まり，旧刑法下の自由刑長期化もあって，鉄鎖でつないだ外役や，大規模な刑務所工場の出現もみられた。獄内の規律維持と再犯防止に向けて懲戒主義が強調され，87年には，数ヵ月ではあったが，兵庫，大阪で，イギリスの空役にならった罪石も実施された。…