Summary court - kan'isaibansho

Japanese: 簡易裁判所 - かんいさいばんしょ
Summary court - kan'isaibansho

The lowest level lower court. Established in 1947 as a court friendly to the public that handles small and minor cases simply and quickly, there are 438 such courts nationwide. In civil cases, it is the court of first instance for civil lawsuits with claims of 1.4 million yen or less, and is responsible for small claims lawsuits, pre-indictment settlements, public notice procedures, civil mediation, preservation of evidence, etc. (demand procedures are the responsibility of the summary court clerk). In criminal cases, it is the court of first instance for criminal lawsuits with penalties of fines or less, and is responsible for summary procedures, summary trial procedures for traffic cases, and issuance of warrants.

Summary courts are composed of a certain number of summary court judges, who are not necessarily qualified legal professionals and may be appointed through special selection. In addition, summary courts are also assigned civil mediation commissioners and judicial commissioners. Cases are handled by a single summary court judge.

[Yoshinobu Homma]

[Reference] | Traffic Accident Summary Trial Procedure | Court | Judicial Commissioner | Small Claims | Level of Trial | Summary Procedure | Summary Order

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

最下級の下級裁判所。少額軽微な事件を簡易迅速に処理する、民衆に親しみやすい裁判所として設置(1947)され、全国に438か所ある。民事事件に関しては、訴額140万円以下の民事訴訟の第一審裁判所であるとともに、少額訴訟、起訴前の和解、公示催告手続、民事調停、証拠保全などを担当する(督促手続は簡易裁判所書記官の所管事項である)。刑事事件に関しては、罰金刑以下の刑にあたる刑事訴訟などの第一審裁判所であるとともに、略式手続、交通事件即決裁判手続、令状の発付などを担当する。

 簡易裁判所は相応な員数の簡易裁判所判事で構成されるが、これはかならずしも法曹資格を有する者であることを要せず、特別の選考によって任命される者も含まれる。このほか、簡易裁判所には、民事調停委員、司法委員が配属される。事件は簡易裁判所判事1人が扱う。

[本間義信]

[参照項目] | 交通事件即決裁判手続 | 裁判所 | 司法委員 | 少額訴訟 | 審級 | 略式手続 | 略式命令

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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