...Mosca argued that minorities can be effectively organized because they are minorities, but conversely, the majority cannot easily be organized because they are the majority, and as a result, they are inevitably subject to the rule of the minority, and advocated the rule of the majority by a small elite (The Ruling Class, 1896, English translation 1939). German political sociologist R. Michels, influenced by Mosca, also explained the iron law of oligarchy. Analyzing the German Social Democratic Party, Michels argued that no organization can expand in size without concentrating power in the hands of a small number of executives, and that any expansion of size inevitably produces oligarchic rulers (Sociology of Parties in Modern Democracy, 1911). ... *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "iron law of oligarchy" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…モスカは,少数者は少数者であるがゆえに有効に組織されうるが,逆に多数者は多数者であるがゆえに組織されることが困難であり,その結果,少数者の支配を受けざるをえないとして,少数エリートによる多数者の支配を説いた(《支配階級》1896,英訳版1939)。また,ドイツの政治社会学者R.ミヘルスもモスカの影響下に,寡頭制の鉄則を説明する。ミヘルスはドイツの社会民主党を分析し,いかなる組織も少数の幹部に権力を集中することなしに,その規模を拡大することはできないとし,規模が拡大すれば必ず寡頭制的支配者を生みだすと主張した(《現代民主主義における政党社会学》1911)。… ※「寡頭制の鉄則」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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