Battle of Kadesh

Japanese: カデシュの戦 - かでしゅのたたかい

The Hittites were also defeated in battle, and the Syrian cities were weakened by conflicts with one another. The most famous battle of the time was the Battle of Kadesh (c. 1286 BC) between Egypt and the Hittites, but it was inconclusive.
[Assyrian and Persian rule]
In this situation, a mixed population of immigrants from the Aegean Sea (Sea Peoples), Arameans who came with camels from the Arabian Desert, some from the Exodus, and others Hebrews, a nomadic people called Hapir or Habiru, migrated to Syria.

From Ramses [II]

…Following his father's wishes, he aimed to recover northern Syria, which had been lost during the Amarna period, and moved the capital to the newly established city of Rameses in the Delta. He fought against the Hittites in several campaigns in Asia. The Battle of Kadesh on the Orontes River in the fifth year of his reign is particularly famous for the existence of detailed records, but the battle was inconclusive, and he gave up on recovering northern Syria in the face of the threat of Assyrian King Shalmaneser I's advance into the Mediterranean. In the 21st year of his reign, he concluded a mutual military assistance alliance with Hittite King Hattusili III by a peace treaty, and attempted to maintain the status quo of interests, and married a Hittite princess. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the Battle of Kadesh is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…シリアの諸都市も互いに抗争し，弱体化した。当時の最も有名な戦いは，エジプトとヒッタイトの戦いのカデシュの戦(前1286ころ)であったが，決着はつかなかった。
［アッシリアとペルシアの支配］
　このような中で，エーゲ海方面からの混成移住民〈海の民〉，アラビア砂漠からラクダとともに現れたアラム人，一部は出エジプトの集団，他はハピルあるいはハビルと呼ばれた流浪の民ヘブライ人などがシリアに移住した。…

【ラメセス[2世]】より

…父王の遺志を継いでアマルナ時代に失われた北シリアの回復を目ざし，デルタに新設したラメセス市に遷都，数度にわたるアジア親征でヒッタイト軍と戦った。治世第5年のオロンテス河畔カデシュの戦は詳細な記録の存在によりとくに名高いが勝敗はつかず，アッシリア王シャルマネセル1世の地中海進出の脅威を前に北シリアの回復を断念した。治世第21年にはヒッタイト王ハットゥシリ3世との平和条約により相互軍事援助同盟を結んで，権益の現状固定を図り，ヒッタイト王女と結婚した。…

※「カデシュの戦」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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