Coincidence method

Japanese: 合致法 - がっちほう（英語表記）coincidence method

A type of measurement method in which the spatial or temporal coincidence of scale marks or periods is observed, and the measured value is found using a known relationship between the measured quantity and a reference quantity. It is also called the coincidence method. Measuring length with a ruler is the simplest example of the coincidence method. Other examples of the coincidence method include reading the decimal point below the minimum graduation of the main scale from the coincidence of the scale on the vernier scale, finding distance from the coincidence of images in a camera viewfinder, and measuring the time between when the phases of two vibrating bodies with approximately equal periods coincide and then calculating the period of one vibrating body from the known period of the other vibrating body.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

測定方式の一種で，目盛り線や周期などの空間的または時間的な合致を観測し，測定量と基準量との間の既知の関係式を用いて測定値を知る方法。一致法ともいう。ものさしを用いた長さの測定は合致法の最も簡単な例。主尺の最小目盛り以下の少数部分を副尺の目盛りとの一致から読み取るのも，カメラのファインダー内の像の一致から距離を知るのも，周期がほぼ等しい二つの振動体の位相が合致してから次に合致するまでの時間を測定して一方の振動体の既知の周期から他方の振動体の周期を算出するのも，合致法の例である。

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