…a social group in which the sense of community in life is very strong. In German, it is called Gemeinschaft or Gemeinde. Ideally, it is possible to imagine a group in which the community extends to all aspects of life, but in reality, such communities are rare. From Switzerland According to a 1990 survey, the proportion of Swiss people who use different languages, excluding foreign residents, was German 73.4%, French 20.1%, Italian 4.1%, Rhaeto-Romanic 0.7%, and other 1.3%. Since all major languages are designated as national languages, each canton (Kanton) determines its cantonal language, and each municipality (Gemeinde) is allowed the freedom to decide on the language to be used in school education and other official occasions, Switzerland maintains "linguistic peace." *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Gemeinde" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…生活の共同性がいちじるしい社会集団。ドイツ語ではゲマインシャフトGemeinschaft,ゲマインデGemeindeという。理念的には,その共同性が生活のすべての面に及ぶ集団を考えることができるが,現実にはそうした共同体は稀有である。… 【スイス】より…外国人居住者を含まないスイス人の使用言語別比率を1990年の調査で見れば,ドイツ語73.4%,フランス語20.1%,イタリア語4.1%,レト・ロマン語0.7%,その他1.3%となっている。主要言語すべてが国語と定められている上に,各カントンKanton(州)がカントン語を定め,各ゲマインデGemeinde(市町村)が学校教育をはじめ公的な使用語を決める自由を認められているので,スイスは〈言語の平和〉が保たれている。 ※「Gemeinde」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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