Car-cell - Car-cell

This device uses the Kerr effect to perform high-speed shutters and high-frequency modulation of light. It is available in liquid and solid types. Liquid-type cells have a structure as shown in Figure (a), and nitrobenzene is often used. The incident side polarizer and the transmitted side polarizer are perpendicular to each other and at a 45° angle with the electric field. When a voltage (several kV) is applied, the light becomes elliptically polarized and the dark field becomes bright. A pulsed electric field acts as a shutter, and a modulated electric field allows light modulation. For solids, single crystals of KDP (potassium dihydrogen phosphate, KH ₂ PO ₄ ) and ADP (ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄ ) are often used, and an example of this type is shown in Figure (b). Light modulation of several tens of MHz is possible.

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

カー効果を利用して，光の高速度シャッターや高周波変調に用いる装置．液体と固体の型式がある．液体型セルは図(a)のような構造をもち，ニトロベンゼンがよく用いられる．入射側偏光子と透過側偏光子を直交させ，かつ電場と45°の角にしておく．電圧(数 kV)を印加すると，だ円偏光になって暗視野は明るくなる．パルス電場ではシャッターになり，変調電場では光変調ができる．固体では，KDP(リン酸二水素カリウムKH₂PO₄)やADP(リン酸二水素アンモニウムNH₄H₂PO₄)の単結晶が多く用いられ，その型式の一例を図(b)に示す．数十 MHz の光変調が可能である．

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