Kawakami Fuhaku

The founder of the Edo Sen school. The second son of Kawakami Gorosaku, a samurai of the Shingu Domain (Mizuno family) in Kishu (Wakayama Prefecture). He aspired to become a tea master, and in 1734 (Kyoho 19), he became the disciple of Joshinsai Sen no Sosa, becoming his leading disciple. He studied Zen under the monk Dairyu of Daitokuji Temple, and took the name Sosetsu. Fuhaku was his pen name after he retired. In 1741 (Kanpo 1), Joshinsai, along with his brother Yugensai Ittoshoshitsu, and Dairyu and Mugaku of Daitokuji Temple, established the Shichijishiki (Seven Ceremonies), and he participated in this at the age of 25. He was considered to be the successor to the main school of tea ceremony, but he became the head tea master of the Mizuno family, and in 1750 (Kan'en 3), he went down to Edo, where he became the founder of the so-called Edo Sen school, and was in charge of "Tenen (Joshinsai's oral instruction)." In 1873 (An'ei 2), he handed over the family headship to Soin and changed his pen name to Fuhaku. He passed away on October 10, 1812, at the age of 91. His grave is at Anryuji Temple in Yanaka, Tokyo.

[Murai Yasuhiko]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸千家流の祖。紀州（和歌山県）新宮(しんぐう)藩（水野家）の藩士川上五郎作の次男。茶道に志し、1734年（享保19）如心斎千宗左(じょしんさいせんのそうさ)に入門、高弟となる。大徳寺の大竜和尚(おしょう)に参禅し、宗雪と号す。不白は隠居後の号。41年（寛保1）、如心斎が弟又玄斎(ゆうげんさい)一灯宗室や大徳寺の大竜・無学和尚らとともに七事式(しちじしき)を制定した際、25歳でこれに参画している。茶湯正派を嗣(つ)ぐべき人物とされていたが、水野家の茶頭となり、50年（寛延3）江戸に下向、いわゆる江戸千家の祖となり、「天然（如心斎口授(くじゅ)）」にあたった。73年（安永2）家督を宗引に譲り、号を不白と改める。文化(ぶんか)4年10月10日、91歳で没した。墓は東京・谷中(やなか)安立寺にある。

［村井康彦］

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