Downward method - Kakouho

Japanese: 下向法 - かこうほう
Downward method - Kakouho

...It can be said that these two paths correspond distantly to the path of ascent and the path of descent in Plato (however, in Marxism, the former is called "downward" and the latter "upward," and the understanding of up and down is reversed from that in Plato). According to Marx, the former (the downward method) is a research procedure, but only the latter (the upward method) is recognized as a method of constructing an academic system. However, Marx's downward method, unlike Plato's and Hegel's ascent, does not establish an absolute arche (principle/beginning), and therefore Marx's upward method (aufsteigende Methode) is not a self-development from an absolute beginning. ...

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Downward Law" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これら二途はプラトンにおける上昇の途と下降の途とに遠く呼応するということもできる(ただし,マルクス主義においては,前者が〈下向〉,後者が〈上向〉と呼ばれ,上下の了解がプラトンの場合とは逆になっている)。マルクスによれば,前者(下向法)は研究の手続ではあるが,学問的体系構成法としてはもっぱら後者(上向法)だけが認証される。このさい,しかし,マルクスの下向法は,プラトンやヘーゲルの上昇とは異なって絶対的なアルケー(原理・端初)を設定するものではなく,したがって,マルクスの上向法aufsteigende Methodeは絶対的端初からの自己展開ではない。…

※「下向法」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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