Galois theory - Galois theory

Japanese: ガロアの理論 - ガロアのりろん(英語表記)Galois theory
Galois theory - Galois theory
A general n- th degree equation can be solved algebraically when n ≦4, but cannot be solved algebraically when n ≧5. This was first proven by N. Abel. However, this only stated that there was no general formula for a solution using radicals. In response to this, E. Galois created "Galois theory" independently of Abel and gave a definitive answer to it. The core of his method was to grasp the close relationship between the permutation group between roots and the extension field of a number field. This term is sometimes extended to also refer to the similar dual relationship between a linear ordinary differential equation and its monodromy group as Galois theory.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
一般の n 次方程式は,n≦4 のとき代数的に解けるが,n≧5 の場合は代数的に解けない。これを初めて証明したのは N.アーベルである。しかし,ここでは,根号による一般的な解の公式が存在しないことを述べているだけであった。これに対し E.ガロアは,アーベルとは独立に「ガロアの理論」を創始して,それに決定的な解答を与えたのである。その方法の根幹は,根の間の置換群と数体の拡大体との間にある密接な関係をとらえることにあった。この用語を拡張して,線形常微分方程式とそのモノドロミー群の間の類似の双対関係をも,ガロアの理論と呼ぶことがある。

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