Grade - Gakunen

Japanese: 学年 - がくねん

〘noun〙① A one-year term of study established by a school. In modern Japan, it usually begins in April and ends in March of the following year. [Nihon Daijisho (1893)]② The stage of a subject mastered in a year. ③ A group of students, pupils, or children distinguished by the year of admission, etc. ※Dajokan (1915)〈Shuosho Shoken〉6「What grade's classroom was this?」[Glossary](1)① is a translation of the English word "school year". The regulations on the admission age for the preparatory school of the University of Tokyo, revised in 1884 ( Meiji 17 ), include the phrase "limited to those who will not reach conscription age within one grade after admission," and it is known that "grade year" was used as an official term by that time.
(2) It seems that "nenkyu" was used in the old days. The meaning of "gakunen" in the ③ sense became common after the Taisho period.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 学校で規定した一年間の修学期。現在の日本では通常、四月に始まり、翌年三月に終わる一年間。〔日本大辞書（1893）〕② 年間に修得する教科の段階。③ 入学年度などによって区別する学生、生徒、児童の集団。※太政官（1915）〈上司小剣〉六「此処は何学年の教室であったか」[語誌](1)①は英語 school year の訳語か。明治一七年（一八八四）に改正された東京大学予備門の入学年齢の規定に「入学後一学年以内には徴兵適齢に至らざるものに限る」という表現があり、このころまでには、「学年」が正式な用語として用いられていたことが知られる。
(2)古くは「年級」が用いられていたらしい。③の意味の「学年」が一般化したのは、大正期以降のことか。

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